HISTORY OF TATTO DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WORLD

Tattoos, in this era, tattoos have become a lifestyle and a trend for fans. Before becoming a trendy and fashionable style as it is today, the style was indeed close to rebellion. Various negative responses from the public about tattoos were added to various religious restrictions with the art of tattooing the body. "Actually, the tattoo itself can not be identified as a deviation of the actions taken by someone, but seen from how the response or the response of others for the actions carried out by the individual concerned." At least that's a quote from Macionis labeling theory about deviations. In this case, deviation is something that is different and does not or has not received public recognition. In big cities, the existence of tattoos can be accepted as well as in Yogyakarta and Denpasar, but in some places such as Pasuruan, Blitar and Blitar tattoos still have their own problems. But do you guys know that before the tattoo developed like now how is the origin of the tattoo? Where was the first tattoo found? How do tattoos enter Indonesia?

Tattoos are part of body painting, which is drawing on the skin of the tubung using a kind of needle or sharpened object made of flora. The pictures are decorated with colorful pigments. The word tattoo itself is Indonesianization of the word tattoo, which means scratches, images or shapes that form a design on the skin of the body. In the Indonesian Encyclopedia it is explained that the tattoo is a permanent color painting on the skin of the body (1984: 241)

Tattoos, believed to have first appeared in Egypt during the construction of The Greatest Pyramids. At that time when the Egyptians expanded their territory at the same time as the 

spread of tattooing also spread, its existence was estimated to range between 4000-2000 BC. in some civilizations such as Greek, Chinese and Arabic they adopted it and expanded the art. The tattoo was first discovered in a female mummy in Egypt named Amunet. She is a priestess of the Goddess Goddess Athor. Tattoos found on the body are located below the abdomen with motifs of interconnected dots forming an elliptical design. The tattoo is believed to be a symbol of fertility for women. Then before the discovery of male mummies, two mummies were estimated to have the same age and the same tattoo shape as Amunet, and one of them was a dancer. Then towards the 2000SM century. This tattoo art spread to South Asia and parts of southern China. Ainu people who are thought to have immigrated from West Asia have also adopted the art, seen from when they crossed into Japan, some of them had been wearing tattoos on their bodies.

By the year 1000 BC the existence of tattoos is growing, it is estimated that there is a cultural diffusion due to population migration. Tattoos spread to the Middle East and then crossed overland and into India, China and the Pacific Islands. After the arrival of Christianity tattoos became prohibited in mainland Europe, but tattoos still live in the Middle East. But before the entry of Christianity into Europe, tattoos were believed to have some belief that the marking on one's body before his death was part of the marking of a clan (group).

Around the 3rd century, Christian forces began to force the entry of new converts and to destroy and prohibit various symbols in the form of tattoos. The existence of tattoos in the UK experienced various ups and downs, some evidence from the Church Council in Northumberland, that tattoos are banned in England because they are considered synonymous with acts of paganism, idolatry that occurred in 787 AD.

It is known that the first king of England to use tattoos was King Harold (1022-1066). Then in the 19th century tattoos developed very rapidly from the United Kingdom which later spread to other countries in Europe.

James Cook, a British sailor, during the voyage James Cook and his men always returned with souvenirs in the form of exotic and oriental tattoos. When he returned in 1744, the people of London welcomed the story warmly. They are also very enthusiastic about the art and artifacts. when they returned to London James Cook and Captain Tabias F. were not alone, they brought Omai, Omai was a body tattooist from Polynesia. Then in the end Omai became the most sensational person due to his skill in tattooing. And after Omai's departure, tattoos were also developing in research in the medical world. Tattoos received recognition in 1862 Prince of Walace (who later became King Edward VII) when he visited the holy land of Jerusalem. At that time he used a cross tattoo on his arm.

The legend of the world's tattoo father, George Burchett. Born in 1782, Sussex. He earned the nickname as Founding Fathers of Modern Tattoo. All his life he spent his time tattooing. He performed his first speech at the age of 10 years. He often tattooed his peers with a simple picture too whether it's a cross, anchor or ring that is coiled on the finger. the equipment used right then and there, he only used Indian needles and ink. His behavior did not make him free from problems, many parents of Burchett friends who scolded him for his behavior. And at one time during his training Burchett fled to a port area, it was there that he first began his adventure to see various parts of the world with a small box containing a set of tattoos at the age of 12. During his trip he met with many sailors who use the tattoo on their chest, the average tattoo they wear is the name of their lover. He also played a role in the sailors' tattooing by depicting Chinese dragons and sailboats on their chests. During World War II, he was asked to tattoo the young soldiers, all so that they looked older like their seniors who got tattoos from British colonies like India. In addition, Burchett is also experienced in tattooing soldiers from other tribes, and each soldier has different preferences such as Australian soldiers who like pictures of kangaroos or boomerang, then Canadian soldiers with leaves and branches and Americans who like comic drawings.

After his trip, Burchett married a person from Devon, England. This lucky woman also could not be separated from the hands of Burchett. Then in the early 1930s Burchett opened a tattoo studio on Waterloo Road 125 London. Then he spread his wings by opening a circus attraction named Oh My. Then in almost the same year he launched a book called Memoirs of Tattoist. In 1958 the book was finally released with the permission of his son, Leslie Burchett.

Burchett is also a world adventurer who collects all things related to tattoos such as pictures to its history in various parts of the world. Burchett's clients were spread from various groups from artists, judge doctors, priests to nobles. According to Burchett tattooing is a fun activity but to dive is not easy and tiring and requires a long time.

"You can't learn tattooing in a minute. It's taken me nearly seventy years to get where I am now and he thinks I'll give it away at five shillings lesson. "

In France the tattoo was banned because of the influence developed by the Catholic church. As for according to the Christian Emperor of Rome it was considered to defame the image of God. In 787 a ban on tattooing the whole body had always been associated with crime and idolatry, and the ban was justified by the church. In fact, tattoos became very popular at that time (18th century). But in the early 19th century the existence of tattoos decreased. In 1835 many cases of infection that occurred in France caused by tattoos and in 1837 worse things happened, in that year many cases of deaths were reported from tattoos.

Europe is very concerned about various studies of tattoos. Even today the Ash Molean Museum in Oxford still keeps him a canteen and tattooed Egyptian doll, made of clay in around 2000 BC. Various kinds of tattoo designs and their development history can also be found at the Tattoo Museum of Amsterdam Netherlands which was founded in 1996.

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